WiFi channel scanning, WiFi channel guide

Introduction

Do you feel like your WiFi is speaking a foreign language? You're not alone. Scanning WiFi channels is the key to understanding why your network is running slower than a turtle in peanut butter. If you've wondered why video calls are pixelated or downloads take ages - you're about to learn how a simple network channel scan can change that.

In this guide, we'll discuss what WiFi channel scanning is, why it's so important, and how to choose the best channels for optimal performance. We'll also cover common interference problems and show you how to solve them like a pro. Here we go!

What is a WiFi channel

What exactly is a WiFi channel? Think of it as a lane on a highway. Each lane (or channel) allows data to flow. WiFi operates on different frequency bands: 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz and the new 6 GHz. Each of these is divided into multiple channels.

There are 59 channels available in the 6 GHz band with a width of 20 MHz (the number may vary from country to country).
The catch? The channels can overlap. Imagine lanes on a road without clear lines - cars start overlapping. Such overlap causes interference and lower speeds.

WiFi channel interference

Why does channel selection matter? Because it directly affects network performance. Interference creates a digital traffic jam.

There are three types of interference:

Non-WiFi interference: Devices such as microwaves and Bluetooth affect the WiFi signal.

Adjacent channel interference occurs when two or more BSSIDs operate on overlapping channels and cover the same area.
Poor channel selection leads to broken connections and low throughput. Remember - throughput (actual data transfer) is not the same as data rate.

How to run a WiFi channel scan

It's time to take matters into your own hands! Scanning WiFi channels is easier than it sounds. Although different operating systems have different methods, tools NetAlly on Android offer a simplified solution.

How to do it:

1. Choose a tool: AirCheck® G3, EtherScope® nXG, or CyberScope® from NetAlly are all great options.
2. Start scanning: Launch the Wi-Fi app and start channel scanning to detect nearby WiFi networks and their channels.
3. Analyze the results: Look for channels with the least congestion and interference.

NetAlly offers a user-friendly interface with advanced features such as spectrum analysis and interference detection.

Interpretation of scan results

You've done the scan - and what's next? Understanding your data is the key to optimizing your network.

Channel utilization by 802.11: Shows how busy the channel is with WiFi traffic.

Channel usage by devices other than WiFi: Shows traffic generated by other devices.

Interference levels: The lower, the better.

"A "good" channel is one that has minimal co-channel and neighboring interference and is not crowded by WiFi or other devices.
The WiFi Signal Quality Test automatically identifies problems with high utilization, co-channel and neighboring interference.

Choosing the right channel

How to choose the best channel?

1. Identify the least congested channels: Look for low utilization and interference.
2. Pay attention to channel width: Wider channels (40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 320 MHz) provide faster speeds, but are more susceptible to interference.
3. Test and adjust: Monitor performance after a channel change and adjust settings if necessary.

Best practices for channel selection

• Use non-overlapping channels: In the 2.4 GHz band, use channels 1, 6 and 11.
• Prefer 5 GHz or 6 GHz: Less congestion and faster speeds
• Scan regularly: The WiFi environment is constantly changing - regular scanning is a must.

In the 2.4 GHz band, only three channels do not overlap: 1, 6 i 11.

Solving common problems

Despite planning, problems can arise. Here are some typical ones:

• Intermittent connections: Often caused by interference from neighboring channels or non-WiFi channels. Try changing the channel or reducing the channel width.
• Slow speeds: May be due to congestion or old equipment. Consider replacing them or choosing a less-used channel.

Older devices may not support all 5 GHz channels (or 6 GHz at all). Upgrading your devices will increase your options when choosing channels.

Completion

WiFi channel scanning is the key to optimizing your wireless network. By understanding what a channel is, how interference works, and how to choose settings, you will improve your network's performance. It's the secret ingredient to a smooth and fast Internet.

To improve your diagnostic efforts, reach for NetAlly's professional tools, such as AirCheck G3, AirMagnet Survey PRO, EtherScope nXG or CyberScope. With them, you can handle even the most complicated WiFi problems.

Compiled from a translation of an article by Julio Petrovitch
https://www.netally.com/tech-tips/wifi-channel-scanning-a-guide-to-wifi-channels/

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